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Introduction of jaw crusher

Introduction of jaw crusher

2020-12-15

Introduction

Jaw crushers are mainly used as coarse crushers and medium crushers in mining, building materials, infrastructure and other sectors. According to the width of the feed port, it is divided into three types: large, medium and small. The width of the feed port is greater than 600MM for large machines, the width of the feed port is 300-600MM for medium-sized machines, and the width of the feed port is less than 300MM for small machines. machine. The jaw crusher has simple structure, easy manufacture and reliable operation.

The working part of the jaw crusher is two jaws, one is a fixed jaw (fixed jaw), which is vertically (or slightly inclined at the upper end) fixed on the front wall of the machine body, and the other is a movable jaw (moving jaw). Inclined to form a crushing cavity (working cavity) with a large upper and a lower jaw with the fixed jaw. The movable jaw plate makes periodic reciprocating motion against the fixed jaw plate, sometimes separating and sometimes approaching. When separated, the material enters the crushing cavity, and the finished product is discharged from the lower part; when it is close, the material installed between the two jaws is crushed by squeezing, bending and splitting.

Jaw crushers can be divided into simple swing jaw crushers (simple pendulum jaw crushers) according to different swing modes of movable jaws. There are three types of complex swing jaw crusher (compound swing jaw crusher) and comprehensive swing jaw crusher.


classification

As far as jaw crushers are concerned, although the structure types are different, their working principles are basically similar, except that the movement trajectory of the moving jaw is different. In a nutshell, when the movable jaw plate cyclically reciprocates to the fixed jaw plate around the suspension axis, and sometimes approaches and leaves, when the movable jaw plate approaches the fixed jaw plate, the ore between the two jaw plates , Crushed by the combined action of crushing, splitting and bending; when the movable jaw leaves the fixed jaw, the crushed ore is discharged through the discharge port of the crusher under the action of gravity.


Single pendulum jaw principle

The movable jaw is hung on the mandrel and can swing left and right. When the eccentric shaft rotates, the connecting rod reciprocates up and down, driving the two thrust plates to also reciprocate, thereby pushing the movable jaw to reciprocate left and right to realize crushing and unloading. This type of crusher adopts a crank double-link mechanism. Although the movable jaw is subjected to a great crushing reaction force, its eccentric shaft and connecting rod are not subjected to much force. Therefore, large-scale and medium-sized machines are often used in the industry. To crush hard materials. In addition, when this type of crusher works, the motion trajectory of each point on the movable jaw is an arc centered on the mandrel, the arc radius is equal to the distance from the point to the axis, the upper arc is small, and the lower arc is large. The crushing efficiency is low, and the crushing ratio is generally 3-6. Because of the simple movement track, it is called simple swing jaw crusher.

The structure of the simple pendulum jaw crusher is compact and simple, and the eccentric shaft and other transmission parts are less stressed; due to the small vertical displacement of the movable jaw, there is less excessive crushing of materials during processing, and the wear of the movable jaw plate is less. [2] 


Principle of compound pendulum jaw

The upper end of the movable jaw is directly suspended on the eccentric shaft as a crank connecting rod mechanism

Jaw crusher working simulation diagram

Jaw crusher working simulation diagram

The connecting rod is directly driven by the eccentricity of the eccentric shaft, and the lower end of the movable jaw is hinged and supported on the rear wall of the frame with the thrust plate. When the eccentric shaft rotates, the trajectory of each point on the movable jaw is from the circumferential line of the suspension point (the radius is equal to the eccentricity), gradually turning downwards into an ellipse, and the downward, the more the ellipse is, until the lower part and the thrust plate The locus of the connection point is a circular arc line. Because the movement trajectory of each point on the movable jaw of this machine is relatively complicated, it is called a complex swing type jaw crusher.

Compared with the simple pendulum jaw crusher, the advantages of the compound pendulum jaw crusher are: lighter weight, fewer components, more compact structure, better filling degree in the crushing cavity, uniform crushing of the loaded material, and moving the lower end of the jaw The finished product unloading is mandatory, so the productivity is higher, which is 20-30% higher than the productivity of the simple pendulum jaw crusher of the same specification; the material block has a large up and down movement under the movable jaw, which is easy to assume a cube shape Unload


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